If the underground water is being withdrawn from aquifers faster than natural recharge can replace it, it is called over exploitation of water.
Causes
The following factors increases the demand of water and lead to its over exploitation
Industrialization
Population Growth
Modern agricultural Practices
Effects
As fresh water sources are not distributed equally around the world, some people get the water in large quantity with less expense and others not. This leads to Malnutrition, increased death rate, unsanitary conditions and starvation for the poor people.
Heavily pumped well can lower the local water table as a result of which shallower wells go dry.
Over use of fresh water reservoirs along coastal lines often allows salt water intrude into aquifers used for domestic and agricultural purposes.
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