The following steps are involved in the water treatment process,
1. Screening
Screening is done to remove relatively large floating and suspended debris.
2. Coagulation
Chemicals like iron salts, lime and alum are added to neutralize the negative charges on the particles, so that they can stick together to form large particles and can be easily removed.
3. Flocculation
Coagulated water flows into a tank with paddle type mixer in which small particles stick together to form large particles called flocs.
4. Sedimentation
In sedimentation, water flow is slowed enough so that the flocs will settle by gravity.
5. Filtration
Small impurities are removed by percolating the water downward through a layer or a bed of porous granular material such as sand.
6. Disinfection
Filtered water is disinfected by adding chlorine and bleaching powder.
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